Learn about the various mudras of Bharatanatyam and their meanings!
Think you know all the Mudras? Test your knowledge!
PATAKA
Symbolizes many things, including a flag, clouds, water, and more.
TRIPATAKA
Can symbolize a crown, trees, flames, and more.
ARDHAPATAKA
Most commonly used to depict nature such as leaves or riverbanks, and the term "both".
KARTARIMUKHA
Commonly used to depict the eyes, lightning, creeping vines, or parting of two things.
MAYURA
Often used for depicting a peacock's beak or feathers, or to show creeping vines and birds.
ARDHACHANDRA
Most commonly used to depict the half moon.
ARAALA
Used to symbolize drinking something (nector, venom).
SHUKATHUNDA
Can symbolize shooting an arrow/lance.
MUSHTI
Often used to symbolize strength, conflict, holding weapons, and more.
SHIKHARA
Can symbolize many things, including a Shiva Lingam, a bow, bravery, royalty, ringing a bell, and more.
KAPITHA
Used to represent Goddess Lakshmi, Goddess Saraswati or holding a flower.
KATAKAMUKHA (1)
First type of Katakamukha, meaning the opening of a bracelet. Used to depict a bird.
KATAKAMUKHA (2)
Second type of katakamukha and the starting mudra in a Bharatanatyam Namaskaram. Can symbolize plucking flowers, a garland/necklace, and more.
KATAKAMUKHA (3)
Last type of katakamukha. Most commonly used to depict a bird, Goddess Parvati, Andal, holding a garland, or a girl in general.
SOOCHI
Can be used to indicate many things, such as "just one", the number 100, "you", "that time", the planets spinning, the world, a city, and more.
CHANDRAKALA
Most commonly used to denote the moon or the crest of Shiva.
PADMAKOSHA
Used to represent fruits, a ball, a bud, and more.
SARPASIRSHA
Primarily symbolizes a snake - a snake's head, intertwined snakes, or the snakes around Shiva.
SIMHAMUKHA
Used to symbolize animals such as deer, cattle, elephants, or the face of a lion.
KANGOOLA
Same as Padmakosha, with the ring finger tucked inside. Can represent fruit, white lily flower, and more.
ALAPADMA
Can symbolize many things, including a bloomed lotus, beauty, holding a pot, showing the face, compassion (mukula to alapadma) and more.
CHATURA
Mudra used in the namaskaram. Used to represent taking blessings (chatura on feet then eyes), showing eyes, compassion, and more.
BRAMARA
Most commonly used to denote a bee, or the fangs of an asura. Can also represent birds.
HAMSAASYA
Symbolizes many things, including the phrase "is there" or "happened". Often used as the mudra when writing Om or when showing tying a sacred thread (Thaali).
HAMSAPAKSHA
Can be used to represent a box, the number 6, accepting a gift, or used in an embrace.
SANDAAMSHA
Used to depict the number 5, a twinkling star, and more.
MUKULA
Often used to show a bud, compassion (also along with alapadma), births, and more.
TAAMRACHUDA
Used as the mudra to depict "enemies". Can sometimes represents a rooster or heron.
TRISHULA
Most commonly used to symbolize a trident, Lord Murugha's or Lord Shiva's. Also used to represent the number 3.